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說(shuō)說(shuō)My flat is twice bigger than yours這個(gè)句子 | |||
作者:admin 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù): 更新時(shí)間:2020-12-19 |
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說(shuō)說(shuō)My flat is twice bigger than yours這個(gè)句子 ■倪肖丁(西安) 《語(yǔ)法無(wú)敵全答》(外文出版社2014第一版)有這樣一個(gè)例句: My flat is twice bigger than yours. 我的公寓比你的大兩倍。 這個(gè)例句存在兩個(gè)問(wèn)題。 首先,倍數(shù)比較級(jí)用法不當(dāng)。用twice(還有half)表示倍數(shù)進(jìn)行比較時(shí),應(yīng)該用as …as或twice the...結(jié)構(gòu),而不是more than結(jié)構(gòu),這是英文的習(xí)慣用法。有些英文詞典直接把twice as much/many和twice as作為句式結(jié)構(gòu)列出。 CGOEL明確告誡:Twice is used with as many as or as much as rather than more. PEU則有專門提醒。例如可以說(shuō): She's twice as lively as her sister. 但不說(shuō)*She's twice livelier than her sister. 可以說(shuō): I ’m not going out with a man who’s twice as old as me. 但不說(shuō)*I’m not going out with a man who’s twice older than me. 所以,《語(yǔ)法無(wú)敵全答》的例句本身就不符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用法。其中的twice bigger than應(yīng)該改為twice as big as,或者全句改成My flat is twice the size of yours。 遺憾的是像twice bigger這種不符合英語(yǔ)慣用法的例句在國(guó)內(nèi)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法和教參中屢見(jiàn)不鮮。例如《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法全解》(安徽科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社2016第八次印刷)有例句I’m twice older than you;《常考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法手冊(cè)》(石油工業(yè)出版社,2008)有例句This room is twice larger than that one;《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法表解大全》(中央編譯出版社2008第3版)有The road is twice longer than that one,等等。 其次,對(duì)倍數(shù)比較句式的意思理解有誤。國(guó)內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法和教參中這類理解錯(cuò)誤很常見(jiàn),即使專業(yè)性很強(qiáng)的辭書中也同樣存在。例如,葛傳槼先生的《英語(yǔ)慣用法詞典》在time詞條中指出:Your house is three times as large as mine和Your house is three times larger than mine兩句意思不同:前者意為“你的房子是我的房子的三倍大小”,后者意為“你的房子比我的房子大三倍[就是我的房子的四倍大小]”。 但是實(shí)際上,無(wú)論是N times more…than還是N times as…as,意思都一樣,按漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣,都是“ N倍那么大(多、長(zhǎng))”,或者 “比…大(多、長(zhǎng))N-1倍”。 對(duì)此,英文權(quán)威詞典和語(yǔ)法著述都有明確的結(jié)論。 Chambers Essential English Dictionary(1995)在定義times (倍數(shù)) 時(shí)說(shuō):One thing is a certain number of times greater than, or as great as, another if it is equal to the other multiplied by that number(如果說(shuō)A is N times greater或as great as B,那么A=B ☓N)。 CGOEL指出: Count as many ( . . . ) as and noncount as much ( . . . ) as are equivalent to more ( . . . ) than when they are premodified by a times-phrase(前有倍數(shù)短語(yǔ)修飾時(shí),as many/much as與more...than相等)。例如: Five times as many people came to the demonstration as (did) last time。 = Five times more people came to the demonstration than (did) last time. Swan的PEU和國(guó)內(nèi)章振邦《新編英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法》系列也有相關(guān)的、更為詳細(xì)的闡述。而且,他們的觀點(diǎn)在英語(yǔ)的實(shí)際中也能得到證實(shí)。例如,英文版《大英百科全書》在介紹澳大利亞昆士蘭州時(shí)寫道:The state is more than twice the size of the U.S. state of Texas and seven times larger than the United Kingdom. 我們知道,Queensland面積是172.72萬(wàn)平方公里,United Kingdom面積是24.41萬(wàn)平方公里。也就是說(shuō),前者是后者的7倍多(而不是8倍多)。這表明seven times larger than=seven times as large as。 由此可知,《語(yǔ)法無(wú)敵全答》上的My flat is twice bigger than yours一句,即使不考慮其語(yǔ)法缺陷,其真實(shí)含義也只能是“我的公寓=你的公寓☓2”。所以,在糾正英文的同時(shí),漢譯也應(yīng)改為“我的公寓是你的兩倍大”,或“我的公寓比你的大一倍”。
完整內(nèi)容請(qǐng)查看:https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/135 |
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