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《that用法新探》(上) |
作者:李 翔 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點擊數(shù) 更新時間:2013-04-04 文章錄入:李翔 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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2.2.3中位限定詞that與前位限定詞搭配 That作為中位限定詞,可以與all和half 等前位限定詞搭配,后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。例如: There are four banks in all and that means extra accounts and what are you going to do with all that money? …, you've reached 40 and I've been reading you for more than half that time. 2.3限定詞that的所指 根據(jù)Roger Berry《限定詞及數(shù)量詞》P34-38和張軼前《通用英語代詞、替代詞教程》P72-76,限定詞that (復(fù)數(shù)those)和this (復(fù)數(shù)these)的意義差別通常以距離說話者或書寫者的遠(yuǎn)近來描述。如果距離近,就用那this (復(fù)數(shù)these);如果距離遠(yuǎn),就用that (復(fù)數(shù)those)。但這種說法并不全面,在許多情況下,該用that 或this與具體的接近程度毫無關(guān)系。 “遠(yuǎn)近”的概念可以分以下幾個方面: 2.3.1空間上的遠(yuǎn)指和近指 限定詞that (復(fù)數(shù)those)通常用來指距離說話人較遠(yuǎn)的人或物;this (復(fù)數(shù)these) 通常用來指距離說話人較近的人或物。在談話中,這種用法更重要。例如: No one had worked in this place for ages. 已經(jīng)好多年沒有人在這個地方工作過了。 I think we’re going to have some nice plums on that tree. 我想那棵李子樹將位我們結(jié)些好李子。 This chair is more comfortable than that chair /that one. 這把椅子比那把椅子更舒服。 2.3.2時間上的遠(yuǎn)指和近指 限定詞that (復(fù)數(shù)those)通常用來指較遠(yuǎn)的過去的時間;this (復(fù)數(shù)these) 通常用來指較近的現(xiàn)在或?qū)⒁絹淼臅r間。例如: A friend of mine sent me some pi9ctures of The boy Robert entered college that autumn. 那年秋天羅伯特這孩子上了大學(xué)。 但這并不意味著 this 不能與過去時連用。例如: By this time she was married to her third husband. 這一次她與第三個丈夫結(jié)婚了。 此處使用this是因為盡管時間指過去,但這是書寫者現(xiàn)在的敘事點。試比較: I saw the Balleys frequently at that time. 那時我和貝利一家常常見面。
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