同樣，that也可以與現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用。例如：

Now imagine that you are one of your parents and that you are presenting at that party. 現(xiàn)在設(shè)想你是你的父親或母親而且參加了那次聚會(huì)。【這兒說話者想暗示與聚會(huì)相隔好長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，因?yàn)槭聦?shí)上聚會(huì)并未正在發(fā)生。】

選用this 還是that指時(shí)間，有時(shí)參照的只是說話者的“心理時(shí)間”。試比較：

Have you seen this report (the one I have recently been thinking about) on smoking? 你看過這份(我最近一直考慮的)關(guān)于吸煙的報(bào)告嗎？

Have you seen that report (the one I was looking at some time ago) on smoking? 你看過那份(一段時(shí)間前我看過的)關(guān)于吸煙的報(bào)告嗎？

  2.3.3感情上的遠(yuǎn)指和近指

感情上較遠(yuǎn)的that表示反對(duì)、厭惡等消極的感情色彩；感情上較近的this表示贊成、羨慕等積極的感情色彩。例如：

That stupid bus broke down not long after we left. 我們出發(fā)不久，那輛倒霉的汽車就拋錨了。

This girl of mine wrote to say she was coming from Paris today. 我的這個(gè)姑娘寫信說她今天要從巴黎來這兒。

但也并非總是如此，限定詞有時(shí)可能只起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用而不帶感情色彩。例如：

Have you heard anything of this / that new novel of Carleton’s? 關(guān)于卡爾頓的這部 / 那部新小說你聽到什么議論沒有？

 2.4限定詞that的句法功能

限定詞that在句子中放在名詞之前充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。例如：

See that redhead over there? 看見哪兒的哪位紅發(fā)女郎了嗎？

How did that movie finally come out? I couldn’t wait to see the ending. 那部影片最終如何？我迫不及待地想看它的結(jié)局。

As soon as I sold to you, you would sell to that other pair of rascals. 我一賣給你，你就會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)賣給那兩個(gè)流氓。

有時(shí)，限定詞that所限定的名詞后接定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，并沒有指示含義。例如：

I speak of the richness and ambiguity of experience, including that experience which is inherent in art. 我談到的人生經(jīng)歷的豐富和捉摸不定，包括根植于藝術(shù)之中的內(nèi)在經(jīng)歷。

 （未完，待續(xù)）

 ■作者簡(jiǎn)介：李翔，江蘇豐縣首羨鎮(zhèn)逸夫中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教師，《英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法網(wǎng)》(www.hz123456.com)特約作者，自2005年至今，已在《英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法網(wǎng)》、《英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)報(bào)》、《英語(yǔ)考試與評(píng)價(jià)》、《中小學(xué)外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究》 等刊物上發(fā)表語(yǔ)法商榷類論文近百篇。

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