三、“get+過去分詞”為哪般？

在《中學教學全解》高中英語（必修1）的“名師大講堂”中，我寫的一篇文章叫《get與be的糾葛》，那篇文章主要論述“get +過去分詞”和“be+過去分詞”的區別。那么，可能有人要問，它們的區別已經了解，現在的問題是，英語中有哪些動詞的過去分詞，經常用在“get +過去分詞”結構中？

“get +過去分詞”，在英語中是一個比較常見的語言現象，在閱讀中可以說俯拾皆是。但許多學生對該結構的用法并不是十分熟悉，尤其是不知道它與普通的被動語態有何區別，不知道其中的“過去分詞”是否有什么特別的限制。作為教師，我們有必要做一總結。

1. 用于“get +過去分詞”結構的過去分詞，經常是表示日常起居和生活類的及物動詞。例如：

He could not wash himself or get dressed. 他既不會洗刷，也不會穿衣。

She got washed after she came back home from work. 她下班回到家后洗了澡。

They began to watch TV as soon as they got seated. 他們一坐下就看電視。

He got shaved and then went down the stairs. 他刮完臉，然后走下樓梯。

They were walking out for years before they got married. 他們戀愛多年才結婚。

2. 用于“get +過去分詞”結構的過去分詞，往往是一些表示心理和情緒變化，以及習慣形成的“使令性動詞”。例如：

She got very pleased with her new room. 她對她的新房間頗為滿意。

I got surprised at the news. 這消息使我吃驚。

I think the kids will get amused at the magic. 我覺得孩子們將會被魔術逗樂。

She soon got tired of learning English. 很快她就對學英語厭倦了。

You will soon get used to this kind of work. 你很快就會習慣這種工作。

You will soon get accustomed to the climate here. 你會很快習慣這里的氣候的。　

Some teenagers don’t realize what a difficult life it can be after they get addicted to drugs. 一些青少年認識不到在他們沉溺于毒品后，生活是多么艱難。

3. 用于“get +過去分詞”結構的過去分詞，其動詞多為表示“負面的、消極的、突發偶發事件，或者人們不愿意發生的事情”。例如：

I tried to find my way round London without a map and got lost. 我試圖不帶地圖在倫敦尋路，結果迷路了。

I never drank in order to get drunk. 我喝酒從來不是為了要買醉。

We were surprised at the news that she got divorced. 聽到她離婚的消息，我們都很驚訝。

He got injured by a car when he was crossing the road. 過馬路時他被車撞傷了。

The picture got damaged when we were moving. 我們搬家時，這幅畫受了損。

The miners got trapped in the deep mine last Tuesday. 上周二礦工們被困在深井中。

They did get caught in the rain last night. 他們昨天晚上確實被雨淋著了。

Tom didn’t get beaten yesterday evening. 湯姆昨天晚上沒有挨打。

She got burned while she was cooking in the kitchen. 她在廚房做飯時被燙傷。

I got drunk for the first time in my life last night. 昨晚我有生以來第一次喝醉了。

She nearly got hit by a car. 她差點被汽車撞上了。

Don’t play with knives. You might get hurt. 不要玩刀子，說不定會傷著自己。

Happily none got killed in that accident. 幸虧那起車禍沒有造成死亡。

I gave you a map so you wouldn’t get lost. 我給你一張地圖 這樣你就不會迷路了。

The food will get burnt if you don’t take it away from the fire. 如果你不把食物從火上拿開，就會被燒掉。

The water in the river is getting polluted. 河里的水即將被污染。

Tom got punished because he had not finished his homework. 湯姆因沒完成作業，而受到懲罰。

My watch got broken while I was playing with the children. 我跟孩子們玩的時候把表弄壞了。

She was getting worried about her exams. 她當時正在為考試發愁呢。

You will be getting puzzled if you don’t know the truth. 如果你不了解實情，你會變得迷惑不解。

The car got stuck in the mud because of the heavy rain. 因為大雨，汽車陷在泥里。

The man got locked up and sentenced to a quarter century. 那人坐了牢，被判刑三分之一世紀。

I got scolded for not doing my homework. 我因為沒做功課而被責罵。

Our team got beaten by the visitors. 我們的隊被客隊打敗了。

Every year some people get struck by lightning. 每年都有一些人被閃電擊中。

You have fooled me, but we can't get fooled again. 你騙了我一次，但我們不會再上當了。

The secret got known at 10 o’clock. 秘密在十點鐘就被人們知道了。

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