2. 對執行計劃生育政策的農村獨生子女或兩女戶夫婦，在年滿60周歲以后，由中央或地方財政安排專項資金，實施計劃生育家庭獎勵扶助制度。

For rural couples who have followed the state family planning policy and given birth to only one child (or two daughters), when they turn 60 they receive a bonus from a special fund made available by the central and local governments.

問題：這句話中，“計劃生育政策”和“獨生子女或兩女”之間不是并列關系，而是補充說明關系。而譯文容易給人一種誤解，以為計劃生育和獨生子女是兩種不同的政策。另外，“獨生子女”涉及到中國重男輕女這一傳統文化，這里的獨生子女實際上通常指男孩，如不加說明，則會與后面的two daughters產生矛盾，令外國讀者感到困惑。建議作如下處理：The central and local governments have allocated a special fund as a reward for rural couples over the age of 60 who have followed the state family planning policy to give birth to only one child (usually a boy)or two daughters.

3. 積極發揮社會力量在老年貧困救助中的作用，推動各地老年基金會等社會團體、企事業單位和個人開展慈善救助和社會互助，創造結對幫扶、認養助養、志愿服務、走訪慰問等多種救助形式，普遍為貧困老年人提供多樣化扶助。

China should give full play to the role of all social sectors in helping poor elderly people, encouraging NGOs like the old-age foundations to be found all over the country, as well as enterprises, public institutions and individuals to provide charitable and other assistance.

Various other forms of assistance are officially encouraged, such as pairing up between a well-off family and a poor elderly person so that the former may give more help to the latter, making commitments to support poor elderly people, doing volunteer work for them or paying visits to convey greetings to them. Therefore, various types of assistance are provided to the poor elderly people.

問題：縱觀全文，這份政府白皮書闡述的是政府過去一年來實際做的工作，而不是應該做什么。句子使用should顯然與全文語氣不符。第二，“推動各地老年基金會等社會團體、企事業單位和個人開展慈善救助和社會互助”與“創造結對幫扶、認養助養、志愿服務、走訪慰問等多種救助形式”在意義上不是同一層次。因此，譯文中的Various other forms of assistance are officially encouraged中的other一詞使用不當。第三，encouraging NGOs like the old-age foundations to be found all over the country讓人莫名其妙，found顯然應該改為founded才符合邏輯。

4. 國家還鼓勵開展個人儲蓄性養老保險，多渠道加強老年人的生活保障。

The state also encourages the development of old-age insurance attached to personal savings deposits; and guarantees the livelihood of elderly people through multiple channels.

問題：原文第二句應該是對第一句所作的補充說明，兩句之間存在目的關系。而且，即便譯文的理解是正確的，但表達也有問題，分號顯然應該改為逗號。因此，譯文應改為The state also encourages the development of old-age insurance based on personal savings deposit so as to guarantee the livelihood of elderly people through multiple channels.

5. 最高人民法院制定有關司法救助的規定，對貧困老年人的訴訟費用實行緩交、減交和免交。2005年，3萬多老年人獲得司法救助。

The Supreme People's Court of China has formulated regulations on judicial assistance, and on postponing, reducing or exempting court costs for poor senior citizens. In 2005, more than 30,000 seniors received judicial assistance.

問題：分析原文可以看出，“對貧困老年人的訴訟費用實行緩交、減交和免交”是對“司法救助”的具體說明，而不是如譯文所表明的那樣兩者之間是并列關系。另外，judicial assistance兩次重復，也不符合英語表達習慣。建議改為：The Supreme People's Court of China has formulated regulations on judicial assistance by postponing, reducing or exempting court costs for poor senior citizens. In 2005, more than 30,000 seniors benefited from this policy.

6. 全國老齡工作委員會主任由國務院副總理擔任，成員單位由國家26個部門組成，委員由各成員單位一位副部長級領導擔任。

A vice-premier of the State Council serves as the director of the China National Committee on Ageing, which comprises 26 state-level departments, with one senior leader equivalent to a vice-minister from each department as its representative.

問題：原文的語意重心在于通過其成員組成情況說明全國老齡工作委員會的重要性和廣泛性。而譯文卻沒有在認真分析原文的基礎上進行重新組織，導致語意重心沒有很好地傳達出來。建議改為The China National Committee on Ageing is composed of a vice-premier of the State Council as its director and 26 vice-ministers from relevant departments as its members.

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