13. 注意這類“動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋doing”結(jié)構(gòu)

The salsman scolded the girl caught ______ and let her off.

A. to have stolen        B. to be stealing         C. to steal                 D. stealing

此題應(yīng)選 D。句中的 caught stealing是過去分詞短語用作定語, 修飾其前的名詞the girl, 可看作是定語從句 whowas caught stealing的省略形式(注意這是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)句子), 其中使用的動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)是 catch sb doing sth(抓住某人或碰上某人在做某事)。又如：

He caught me smoking a cigarette. 他抓住我抽煙。

The farmer caught the boy stealing his apples. 農(nóng)夫抓住這個(gè)男孩偷他的蘋果。

類似以下結(jié)構(gòu)也須注意：

1. find sb doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某人：

We found the girl crying under the tree. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)女孩在樹下哭。

2. see / hear / watch / observe sb doing sth 看見 / 聽見 / 觀看 / 觀察某人在做某事：

He heard the girl singing in the next room. 他聽見這個(gè)姑娘在隔壁房間唱歌。

試比較：

I saw her enter the shop. 我看見她進(jìn)了商店 (指全過程)。

I saw her entering the shop. 我看見她在進(jìn)商店(指動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行)。

14. 在非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定式中否定詞置于何處

The patient was warmed ______ oily food after the operation.

A. to eat not              B. eating not              C. not to eat              D. not eating

此題應(yīng)選C。主要考察在非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定式中, 否定詞的位置。一般說來, 非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定式只能在非謂詞動(dòng)詞之前加否定詞;若非謂語動(dòng)詞包括幾個(gè)詞(如是完成式、被動(dòng)式等), 則只能在非謂語動(dòng)詞的第一個(gè)詞前加否定詞; so asto, in order to 等結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式, not只能放在不定式符號(hào)to之前。如：

1. She pretended _____ me when I passed by.

A. not to see              B. not seeing

C. to not see              D. having not seen

2. Tom kept quiet about the accident ______ lose his job.

A. so not as to           B. so as not to

C. so as to not           D. not so as to

3. Mrs Smith warned her daughter _____ afterdrinking.

A. never to drive        B. to never drive

C. never driving         D. never drive

4. _____ a reply, he decided to write again.

A. Not receiving        B. Receiving not

C. Not having received                               D. Having not received

答案：1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C

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