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內(nèi)部講義:常考詞的語(yǔ)法與用法(08) |
作者:TJG 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2012-06-01 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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2. 用于 for your information, 表示告訴對(duì)方某一情況或某一事實(shí),尤其用于告訴對(duì)方認(rèn)識(shí)有誤的事實(shí),有時(shí)具有反語(yǔ)意味。如: For your information, the library is on the second floor. 謹(jǐn)奉告,圖書館在二樓。 I’m perfectly able to look after myself, for yourinformation. 告訴你吧,我完全能自己照顧自己。 ◆insist v. 1. 表示“堅(jiān)持”、“主張”等,可及物或不及物。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),其后通常只接 that 從句作賓語(yǔ),而不能接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ),也不能接不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如: 誤:We must insist this point. 誤:He insists going [to go] with us. 但是若其后接有介詞 on 或 upon, 則可后接名詞、代詞、 動(dòng)名詞。如: We must insist on this point. 我們要堅(jiān)持這一點(diǎn)。 He insisted on seeing us home. 他一定要送我們回家。 2. 其后可接 that-從句,但要根據(jù)意思的不同而分清兩種情況: (1) 表示“堅(jiān)持要”、“一定要”,從句所指的一般是尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)的事實(shí),此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(即should+動(dòng)詞原形),而且引導(dǎo)詞that 一般不省略(尤其是當(dāng)已經(jīng)省略 should 時(shí))。如: She insisted that I (should) stay for supper. 她一定要我留下吃晚飯。 注:有時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)也可用其它形式,但少見。 (2) 表示“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)”、“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”,從句所指的通常是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事或已存在的狀態(tài),謂語(yǔ)一般用陳述語(yǔ)氣,引導(dǎo)詞 that 可省略。如: He still insisted he wasn’t there at the time. 他仍然堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他當(dāng)時(shí)不在那兒。 比較:(www.hz123456.com) He insists that she is careful. 他力言她是小心的。 He insists that she should be careful. 他堅(jiān)持要她小心。 He insisted that he was not ill, but the doctor insisted that he should take the medicine. 他堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他沒(méi)有病,但醫(yī)生卻堅(jiān)持要他服藥。 3. 不要受漢語(yǔ)的影響,在其后接用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu): 他堅(jiān)持要我同他一起去。 誤:He insisted (on) us to go with him. 正:He insisted on my [me] going with him. 正:He insisted that I (should) go with him. 正:He insisted on it that I (should) go with him. ◆instead adv. 1. 用作副詞,其基本義為“取而代之”。如: We’ve no coffee. Would you like tea instead? 我們沒(méi)有咖啡,改喝茶好嗎? He never studies. Instead he plays tennis all day. 他從不學(xué)習(xí),而是整天打網(wǎng)球。 2. 用于 instead of, 是復(fù)合介詞,除含有“代替”之意外,還含有否定概念“而不”的意思,其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞(有時(shí)根據(jù)情況也可接動(dòng)詞的其它形式)、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等。如: Will you go to the party instead of me? 你替我赴宴好嗎? Let’s play cards instead of watching TV. 咱們玩紙牌吧,別看電視了。 We went there on foot instead of by bus. 我們沒(méi)乘公共汽車而走路去那兒的。 The situation is better instead of worse. 形勢(shì)是更好了,而不是更壞了。 That increased instead of decreased our courage. 那不但沒(méi)有減弱反而增強(qiáng)了我們的勇氣。 |
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