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內(nèi)部講義:常考詞的語(yǔ)法與用法(11) |
作者:TJG 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2012-06-02 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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◆observe v. 表示“注意到”,通常是指無(wú)意中注意到,其后可接帶不定式(不帶 to)或現(xiàn)在分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如: Everyone observed him leave [leaving] the room. 大家都注意到了他離開(kāi)屋子。 I observed her enter [entering] the bank at 9:30. 我注意到她九點(diǎn)半進(jìn)了銀行。 注:以上結(jié)構(gòu)用現(xiàn)在分詞或不帶 to 的不定式的區(qū)別為:用現(xiàn)在分詞可指動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行(未完成)或動(dòng)詞作的全過(guò)程(已完成),而用不帶 to 的不定式通常只指動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程(即動(dòng)詞已完成)。 另外,若 observe 為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),則其后的不定式要帶 to。如: She was observed to enter the bank at 9:30. 用于以上詞義時(shí),還可后接從句。如: I observed that several students were asleep. 我注意到有幾個(gè)學(xué)生睡著了。 ◆occur v. 1. 表示“發(fā)生”、“出現(xiàn)”,是不及物動(dòng)詞,所以不能帶賓語(yǔ),也不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如: 事故(地震)是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的? 誤:When was the accident (earthquake) occurred? 正:When did the accident (earthquake) occur? 每頁(yè)都有兩三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 誤:Two or three mistakes are occurred in every page. 正:Two or three mistakes occur in every page. 2. 表示某想法出現(xiàn)在某人腦海中或被某人想到,通常與介詞 to連用。如: A good idea occurred to me. 我想起了個(gè)好主意。 His name just did not occur to my memory. 我就是想不起他的名字。 注:在以上用法中,若主語(yǔ)為從句或不定式,則在句首使用形式主語(yǔ) it, 而把真正的主語(yǔ)放在后面。如: It never occurred to me that he was a thief. 我怎么也沒(méi)想到他是個(gè)賊。 Didn’t it occur to you to phone them about it? 難道你就沒(méi)有想到給他們打個(gè)電話? ◆of prep. 1. 表示所有關(guān)系,用以構(gòu)成名詞的所有格。如:the gate of the school(校門),the secret of success(成功的秘密)等。 注意以下正誤表達(dá): 正:He is a friend of my father. 他是我父親的一位朋友。 正:He is a friend of my father’s. 他是我父親的一位朋友。 正:He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一位朋友。 誤:He is a friend of me. 以下表達(dá)是錯(cuò)誤的: 誤:What’s the name of you? (改為……your name) 誤:Do you know the father of him? (改為……his father) 誤:I will show the books of me. (改為……my books) 但是以下表達(dá)卻是對(duì)的(of 表示動(dòng)賓關(guān)系): 正:I hate the sight of him. 我討厭看到他。 正:His criticism of her is serious. 他對(duì)她的批評(píng)是嚴(yán)肅 的。 2. 與 age, shape, size, colour, height, design, weight 等名詞連用,可用作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ);其中的介詞 of 有時(shí)可省略。如:(www.hz123456.com) When I was (of) your age, I lived in the country. 我像你這個(gè)年紀(jì)的時(shí)候,我住在鄉(xiāng)下。 The two boys are (of) the same height. 這兩個(gè)男孩一樣高。 Here is a piece of wood (of) the right size. 這有一塊木頭,其大小剛好適合。 3. 與某些名詞連用,相當(dāng)于形容詞,可用作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如: The dictionary is of much help to the students. 這本字典對(duì)學(xué)生幫助很大。 Nothing of importance resulted from this movement. 這次運(yùn)動(dòng)收效甚微。 The work you are doing now is not of much value. 你現(xiàn)在做的工作沒(méi)有多大價(jià)值。 4. 與 hear, talk, know, tell, speak 等動(dòng)詞連用,表示一種間接性,大意為“涉及到”。如: Have you heard of such a man? 你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這樣的人嗎? I know of the poet. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這位詩(shī)人。 上一頁(yè) [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一頁(yè) >> |
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