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關(guān)閉窗口 1.My friends, my advice is that we worry about the Sassans first, and deal with the future when we know we’ll have one.
2.My answer is that it’s a mistake to hold the bartender responsible.
3.But my argument is that there are various ways of perceiving "better."
5.5連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句
連詞that既可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)關(guān)系從句，但是二者之間雖然在形式上很相似，但有本質(zhì)的差別。
1.先行詞的不同
定語(yǔ)從句(筆者注：即本文所說(shuō)關(guān)系從句) 或同位語(yǔ)從句前面都有先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的that是用來(lái)代表人物或事物的先行詞。但引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的that所指的只能是一些表示抽象概念的詞，如：fact, idea, rumour, news, hope, believe, desire, proposal, thought, suggestion等。
2. 兩個(gè)that的不同
應(yīng)該指出，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，它的作用是連接主句和從句，并代表先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分，that指物時(shí)，可以用which代替。引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的that是連詞，只起連接主句和從句的作用。它不充當(dāng)任何成分，也不能為which所代替。
3.兩種從句句法功能的不同
兩種從句的性質(zhì)是不同的。這是兩種不同的本質(zhì)的區(qū)別。定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的，在傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)法中有形容詞從句(Adjective Clause) 之稱(chēng)。它的功能是修飾先行詞，描述它的性質(zhì)或特征。同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性，它的功能是對(duì)所說(shuō)明的詞語(yǔ)作進(jìn)一步的、補(bǔ)充性的解釋。它是詞語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容本身。這二者之間是可以劃等號(hào)的。例如：
The news that we heard spread all over the school campus.
The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the school campus.
第一句中的that we heard是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾news；第二句中的that he had landed on the moon是同位語(yǔ)從句，它進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明news的內(nèi)容本身，指出這news本身就是he had landed on the moon，可以說(shuō)The news is that he had landed on the moon. 很明顯，第一句的that we heard絕不等于the news，因?yàn)樗嵌ㄕZ(yǔ)從句，只有修飾the news的功能。
源可樂(lè)在《辭書(shū)研究》2006年第3期P
有些外殼名詞可以后接名詞從句(以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)N-that) 。
根據(jù)John Sinclair主編的COLLINS COBUILD GRAMMAR PATTERNS2：NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES (上海外語(yǔ)教育出版社 2000年11月第1版) p108-112和燕山大學(xué)李艷丹碩士學(xué)位論文《英語(yǔ)外殼名詞的認(rèn)知研究》P71-75以下“外殼名詞”可以后接that從句。
1. THE “Suggestion” Group
These nouns refer to something that is written or spoken.
(1) accusation
Kim rejects accusations that Country music is over-sentimental...
(2) ackowledgement
The President’s resignation appears to be an acknowledgment that he has lost all hope of keeping the country together...
(3) adage
Do you agree with the adage that "waste attracts waste"?
(4) admission
It’s one more small admission that the old way of doing business here no longer worked.
(5) affirmation
One gain was the affirmation that Christ and the Spirit are divine.
(6) allegation
That’s not helpful to an allegation that something happened against her will.
(7) announcement
Ron Paul’s announcement that he’s pulling back is not going to discourage that delegate process from moving forward.
(8) aphorism
There is still some truth to the aphorism that politics stops at the water’s edge.
(9) appeal
It talks about that the appeal that you were just talking about, that it’s been filed.
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