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      文化背景:語(yǔ)言根植的土壤
      作者:劉永科  文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng)  點(diǎn)擊數(shù)  更新時(shí)間:2014-04-24  文章錄入:劉永科  責(zé)任編輯:admin

       

      (二) 中西方生活習(xí)慣和禮節(jié)的差異,同樣反映在語(yǔ)言上

      這方面的例子可以說(shuō)俯拾皆是。例如:“Where are you going?” 這句話(huà)在我們中國(guó)是常說(shuō)的一句話(huà),在路上碰到熟人,閑著沒(méi)事隨便一問(wèn)。可是美國(guó)人聽(tīng)了,他們會(huì)感到迷惑不解,因?yàn)?/FONT>“going to some place” is quite a private business of their own.在他們的國(guó)家里,只有警察才有權(quán)利這樣問(wèn)。還有“Have you had your meal?”,在中國(guó)已成為最常用的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)了。但在美國(guó)的大街上,你這樣說(shuō)意味著,你要請(qǐng)朋友吃飯去。

      入鄉(xiāng)隨俗,這話(huà)不假。英國(guó)人喜歡談?wù)撎鞖猓偃裟愕搅藗惗兀?jiàn)面就談天氣沒(méi)錯(cuò)。而且你千萬(wàn)不要與對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)相抵觸,即使大雨傾盆,雷雨交加,英國(guó)人說(shuō)天氣真好”(Nice day, isn't it?),你不能說(shuō)不好:Yes, it is a lovely day!這里有文為證:

      Every Country Has Its Own Customs

      “Where are you going?” This question is often asked by Chinese when two friends meet in the street. But if you ask Americans the same question, they will be puzzled because they think that “going to some place” is quite a private business of their own. It has nothing to do with other people. In their eyes, only a policeman will ask such a question in the street.

      The same thing will happen to Americans if you ask, “Have you had your meal?” In fact, to us Chinese, such questions do not mean anything but a greeting.

      In America when two friends meet in the street, they will say, “Hello!” or “How are you?” instead of asking him the questions mentioned above. If two friends meet at meal time and one asks the other, “Have you had your meal?” that means he wants to invite his friends to have a meal with him. It's quite different from what it means in Chinese.

      In England people like to talk about weather when they meet. As the weather changes very often in England, it becomes the most important topic among people. If you go to England, you must be good at discussing the weather, or you will find yourself stilted. There is a very important rule in discussing the weather: You must never contradict anybody when talking about weather. Should it rain and snow, should hurricanes uproot the trees from sides of the road, and should someone remark to you, “Nice day, isn't it?”--- answer without hesitation: “Isn't it lovely?”

      So, you see, different countries have different customs.

      還有在餐桌上,我們的主人總是力勸客人多吃,盤(pán)子還沒(méi)干凈就又加上了飯菜(always putting more food onto your plate as soon as you have emptied it)。這在中國(guó)似乎是很禮貌的事情,但美國(guó)人感覺(jué)會(huì)很不舒服,他如果沒(méi)有吃飽就直接向主人要了。然而,中國(guó)的客人則相反:A Chinese guest very often refuses the offer of food or drink though he's in fact still hungry or thirsty. 這里有文為證:

      Good Manners in China Are Good in America?

      The customs in different countries are rather different. If you have dinner with a Chinese host, he always puts more food onto your plate as soon as you have emptied it. That often discomforts you greatly. You have to eat the food even if you do not want any more. You have also noticed that when a Chinese sits at an American's dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drink though he's in fact still hungry or thirsty. This might be a good manner in China, but it is not in the West at all.

      In the United States, it is impolite to keep asking someone again and again or in­sist on his accepting something. Americans have a direct way of speaking. If they want something, they will ask for it. If not, they will say, "No, thanks". When an American is served with beer by the host, for example, he might say, "No, thanks. I'll take some orange juice if you have it." That is what an American will do. So when you go to the United States, you'd better remember the famous saying: "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."

       

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