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《高中英語慣用法詞典》 |
作者:TJG 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數 更新時間:2011-06-09 文章錄入:admin 責任編輯:admin |
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◆advance n. & v. 1. 用作名詞,表示“前進”時,多為不可數名詞;表示“進展”、“進步”、“改進”等義時,多為可數名詞。如: The army’s advance was very slow. 部隊推進很慢。 比較:in advance(事先,提前)和in advance of (在……前面)。如: The rent must be paid in advance. 租金必須預付。 He is far in advance of his class. 他在班上遙遙領先。 2. 用作動詞,基本義為“前進”,注意其后所接介詞: (1) 表示推進的方向,通常用介詞 to, towards。如: The troops advanced to the river. 部隊行進到河邊。 They advanced towards the castle. 他們向城堡推進。 (2) 表示進攻的對象,通常用介詞 on, upon。如: The soldiers advanced on the enemy. 士兵們向敵人進擊。 They advanced upon the enemy. 他們向敵人進攻。 ◆advice n. 1. 表示“建議”、“勸告”、“忠告”等,是不可數名詞,若表示一條或幾條建議或勸告,要借用 piece 這樣的詞。如: This is a good piece of advice. 這是一條很好的建議。 2. 表示按照某人的意見做某事,一般要用介詞 on 或 by。如: We did the work on [by] her advice. 我們按她的意見做此工作。 3. 表示提出建議或忠告,一般用動詞 give;表示向某人請教或征求意見,一般用動詞 ask (for);表示接受意見或勸告,一般用動詞take, follow, accept 等。如: The old often give good advice to the young. 老年人常常對年輕人提出金玉良言。 You should ask for the teacher’s advice. /You should ask the teacher for advice. 你應該去征求老師的意見。 If we had followed his advice, we could have done the job better with less money and fewer people. 要是聽取了他的意見,我們不僅可以節省人力、物力,而且還會把工作做得更好。 4. 其后若出現 that 從句,通常用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣。如: My advice is that he (should) give up smoking. 我建議他戒煙。 ◆advise v. 1. 表示“建議”,通常為及物動詞,若其后的賓語是動詞,通常應是動名詞,而不能是不定式。如: 我建議等到適當的時候。 正:I advise waiting till the right time. 誤:I advise to wait till the right time. 注意:advise 之后不能直接跟不定式,但可接不定式的復合結構。如: He advised us to sell the house. 他建議我們把房子賣了。 The doctor advised me to stop smoking. 醫生建議我戒煙。 注意 advise 后接不定式復合結構時的被動語態形式不要與上面第一個句型混為一談。如: 主動式:He advised us to sell the house. 被動式:We were advised to sell the house. 比較錯誤句型:We advised to sell the house. (誤) 2. 其后若接 that 從句,通常要用虛擬語氣(should+v)。如: He advised that I (should) write her a letter. 他建議我給她寫封信。 3. 比較以下同義句型: 請指點我選哪一個。 正:Please advise me which to choose. 正:Please advise me which I should choose. 我勸他不要一個人去。 正:I advised him not to go alone. 正:I advised him against going alone. ◆affect v. 1. 表示“影響”(及物)。如: Smoking affects health. 吸煙影響健康。 Water pollution affects water quality. 水的污染影響水質。 2. 表示“感動”、“感傷”(及物)。如: His death affected us deeply. 他的死使我們很感傷。 The sight affected her to tears. 此情此景使她感動得流淚。 有時用于被動語態。如: We were affected by her words. 我們為她的話所感到。 |
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