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內部講義:常考詞的語法與用法(15) |
作者:TJG 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數 更新時間:2012-06-02 文章錄入:admin 責任編輯:admin |
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◆troop n. 表示“軍隊”、“部隊”,通常用復數形式(troops)。如: The troops forced an entrance into the town. 部隊強行進入這市鎮。 注:與 army(側重指軍隊的整體)相比,troops 側重指構成軍隊的士兵成員,所以像漢語的“駐軍”、“撤軍”、“派兵”等,英語通常用 troops。如: He decided to send troops to the front. 他決定派兵上前線。 The troops are assembling. 部隊集合。 雖然 troops 側重指構成軍隊的士兵成員,但并不指個別士兵,因此它一般不與數字(尤其是較小的數字)連用。比如:“兩個士兵”一般不說 two troops, 可說 two soldiers。不過 troops 有時可與較大的數詞連用。如可說: a hundred troops 一百個士兵 Forty-four troops were killed. 44名士兵陣亡。 ◆trouble n. & v. 1. 用作名詞,表示“煩惱”、“苦惱”、“困難”、“困境”、“辛勞”、“辛苦”等,通常是不可數名詞,使用時注意以下句型或結構: (1) have trouble (in) doing sth 表示“做某事有困難”,其中的介詞 in 在口語中通常可省略,但通常不能改用不定式。如: 我們沒花吹灰之力就找到了他的辦公室。 正:We had no trouble (in) finding his office. 誤:We had no trouble to find his office. (2) take (the) trouble to do sth 在這一結構中,其中的冠詞用不用均可,但含義稍有不同:用冠詞,表示不怕費事或不怕麻煩而去做某事;不用冠詞,表示盡心盡力或費盡心血而去做某事。如: He took the trouble to show me the way to the station. 他不嫌麻煩為我去郵局指路。 You might have taken the trouble to tell me the meeting was put off. 你本來可以費心告訴我一聲會議推遲了的。 They took a lot of trouble to find the right person for the job. 他們費盡心血找適合做這項工作的人。 注:take trouble to do sth 有時也可說成take trouble over sth。如: He took a lot of trouble over the design. 他花了許多工夫 設計這份圖樣。 根據以上區別,比較并體會以下正誤句型: 他不愿麻煩去開門。 正:He refused to take the trouble to open the door. 誤:He refused to take trouble to open the door. (3) go to (the) trouble to do [of doing] sth 意為“不辭辛勞做某事”、“費心做某事”。如: He went to the trouble of finding out when our train was leaving. 他費心給我們打聽到了我們火車開車的時間。 Thank you for going to so much trouble to find what Iwas looking for. 多謝你這么費心找到了我要找的東西。 (4) give sb trouble / put sb to trouble 表示“麻煩某人”、“打擾某人”。如: I’m sorry to give you so much trouble. /I’m sorry to put you to so much trouble. 對不起,給你添了這么多麻煩。 I don’t like giving trouble to people I don’t know. 我不愿意給我不認識的人添麻煩。 (5) have trouble with 表示“有……毛病”、“同……鬧糾紛”。如: He is having trouble with teeth. 他正牙痛。 The man often has trouble with his wife. 這個人經常同他的妻子鬧矛盾。 (6) get into trouble 意為“陷入困境”、“引起指責”。如: He’s always getting into trouble (with the teacher). 他老闖禍(挨老師的罵)。 |
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