![]() ![]() |
《that用法新探》(中) |
作者:李 翔 文章來(lái)源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2013-04-22 文章錄入:李翔 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
|
除性質(zhì)不同外,這兩種分句還有其它兩個(gè)主要方面的區(qū)別,即使用關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別和先行詞的區(qū)別。現(xiàn)分述如下: ① 使用關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別 在兩種從句中使用的關(guān)系代詞有許多不同的情況。 A.不是所有的能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞都能用在分裂句中。 a. that和 who是分裂句最常用的關(guān)系代詞,在這二者之間用that的時(shí)候更多,因?yàn)橹溉嘶蛑钙渌伎捎?/FONT>that。例如: It is the university president that/who will give a speech next Monday. b.如果要表示屬格的概念,whose是可以用的。例如: It’s his brother whose telephone number he has forgotten. (這句話的意思相當(dāng)于:It’s his brother’s telephone number that he has forgotten.) c. whom 和which是很少用的。whom 和which用在介詞后面更幾乎是不可以的。例如: It was Jane that I saw. 不能說(shuō):﹡It was Jane whom I saw. It was a hen that I kept. 不能說(shuō):﹡It was a hen which I kept. It was to the hen that I gave some rice. (這個(gè)句子里被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是the hen。即強(qiáng)調(diào)我是給母雞吃米,不是給鴨子或其它家禽。這個(gè)分裂句中的that是不能用which代替的。) 試比較: It was the hen to which I gave some rice. (在這個(gè)句子里,to which I gave some rice是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞 the hen。這個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)it是人稱代詞,指母雞,不是“強(qiáng)調(diào)”it。) 再比較下列句子: It was the old lady that I offered my seat. (這是一個(gè)分裂句,被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是the old lady。這個(gè)句子是從I offered my seat to the old lady.轉(zhuǎn)換來(lái)的。) She was the old lady to whom I offered my seat. (這個(gè)句子里的to whom I offered my seat 很顯然是修飾the old lady的定語(yǔ)從句。這個(gè)句子不是分裂句,如果硬要用“強(qiáng)調(diào)”it作這個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ),那是極其錯(cuò)誤的。) 可見(jiàn)在分裂句中whom, which是罕見(jiàn)的,而且也幾乎不能用在介詞后面。 d.when和where不能在分裂句中用來(lái)指時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。必須要用 that來(lái)代替這兩個(gè)詞。例如: It was to the hospital that I sent him. (此處不能用 where) It was last week that I sent him to the hospital. (此處不能用 when
<< 上一頁(yè) [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] ... 下一頁(yè) >> |
![]() ![]() |