二、現在分詞（短語）作狀語

現在分詞（短語）作狀語。在一個復合句中，當主句的主語跟從句的主語完全一致時，為了表達簡練，我們可以把從句轉換為分詞短語形式，用以代替原來的從句。所以，現在分詞（短語）可以表示時間、原因、方式、伴隨、條件、結果、讓步等。反過來，它又可以轉換成相應的狀語從句或并列句。

1. 作時間狀語

此時相當于when ,while或after等引導的時間狀語從句。如:

Wandering in the street, she met an old friend of hers. = When she was wandering in the street, she met an old friend of hers.

Having finished their work, they had a rest. = After they had finished their work, they had a rest.

2. 作原因狀語

此時相當于because, since和as等引導的原因狀語從句。如:

Not knowing English, he couldn’t understand the film. = Because he didn’t know English, he couldn’t understand the film.

Having taught in the school for many years, she knows her workmates very well. = Since she has taught in the school for many years, she knows her workmates very well.

3. 作方式或伴隨狀語

作方式或伴隨狀語時，一般不能轉化為狀語從句，但可以轉化成并列句。如:

My wife sat in the sofa, reading a magazine. = My wife sat in the sofa and read a magazine.

The boy came in, following his father. = The boy followed his father and came in.

4. 作條件狀語

此時相當于if等引導的條件狀語從句。如:

Turning to the right, you will find a hospital. = If you turn to the right, you will find a hospital.

Going there by plane, you will arrive this night. = If you go there by plane, you will arrive this night.

5. 作結果狀語

此時相當于so that引導的結果狀語從句。如:

He didn’t pass the exam, making his parents quite disappointed. = He didn’t pass the exam so that it made his parents quite disappointed.

6. 作讓步狀語

此時相當于though/although，even if等引導的讓步狀語從句。如:

Weighing 50 kilograms, the box was carried away by him. = Though the box weighed 50 kilograms, it was carried away by him.

Admitting what he said, I still think that he hasn’t tried his best. = Although I admit what he said, I still think that he hasn’t tried his best.

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