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動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞:兩種不同概念的非謂語動詞 |
作者:劉永科 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時間:2015-01-23 文章錄入:劉永科 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞,因?yàn)檎Z法書都有專門的講解,所以有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)問題本文不再贅述。本文擬從以下幾個方面進(jìn)行探討: 1. 動名詞作定語和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語 2. 動名詞作表語和現(xiàn)在分詞作表語 3. 動名詞作表語和進(jìn)行時態(tài)的區(qū)別 4. 動名詞作賓語和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語 5. 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語和現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ) (一)動名詞作定語和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語 動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞,都可以作前置修飾語(premodifier)修飾名詞。同樣是“動詞-ing形式”作定語,被修飾語和修飾語之間的關(guān)系是否一樣? “動詞-ing形式”作定語時,被修飾語和它的關(guān)系可能是“目的或用途關(guān)系”,也可能是“主謂關(guān)系”, 這兩種不同的修飾關(guān)系,是區(qū)分動名詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞的試金石。如果是前者,那么就是動名詞作定語;如果是后者,那么就是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。 【動名詞作定語】 動名詞作定語,說明動名詞和被修飾語是“目的或用途的關(guān)系”。所以,我們可以用for doing,used for doing,或者which is used for doing來置換這個動名詞,放在被修飾語之后作定語。例如: a swimming pool ①→ a pool for swimming ②→ a pool used for swimming ③→ a pool with the purpose of swimming 限于篇幅,以下詞組僅用第①種情況轉(zhuǎn)換: a walking stick → a stick for walking a sleeping car → a car for sleeping a waiting room → a room for waiting a swimming pool → a pool for swimming a washing machine → a machine for washing clothes a writing desk → a desk for writing a reading room→ a room for reading a bathing cap→ a cap for bathing a changing room→ a room for changing clothes a sitting room→ a room for sitting a watering can→ a can for watering flowers a guessing game→ a game for guessing words an ironing board→ a board for ironing clothes a collecting tin→ a tin for collecting money a hiding place→ a place for hiding a racing bicycle→ a bicycle for racing an operating table→ a table for operating building materials → materials for building a diving board→ a board for diving reading materials → materials for reading a closing speech→ a speech for closing a meeting working hours→ hours (time) for working a smoking room→ a room for smoking a dancing hall → a hall for dancing a washing machine → a machine for washing clothes |
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