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關(guān)閉窗口 動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞，因?yàn)檎Z法書都有專門的講解，所以有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)問題本文不再贅述。本文擬從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行探討：
1. 動(dòng)名詞作定語和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語
2. 動(dòng)名詞作表語和現(xiàn)在分詞作表語
3. 動(dòng)名詞作表語和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別
4. 動(dòng)名詞作賓語和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語
5. 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語和現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)
（一）動(dòng)名詞作定語和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語
動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞，都可以作前置修飾語（premodifier）修飾名詞。同樣是“動(dòng)詞-ing形式”作定語，被修飾語和修飾語之間的關(guān)系是否一樣？ “動(dòng)詞-ing形式”作定語時(shí)，被修飾語和它的關(guān)系可能是“目的或用途關(guān)系”，也可能是“主謂關(guān)系”， 這兩種不同的修飾關(guān)系，是區(qū)分動(dòng)名詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞的試金石。如果是前者，那么就是動(dòng)名詞作定語；如果是后者，那么就是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。
【動(dòng)名詞作定語】
動(dòng)名詞作定語，說明動(dòng)名詞和被修飾語是“目的或用途的關(guān)系”。所以，我們可以用for doing，used for doing，或者which is used for doing來置換這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞，放在被修飾語之后作定語。例如：
a swimming pool
①→ a pool for swimming
②→ a pool used for swimming
③→ a pool with the purpose of swimming
限于篇幅，以下詞組僅用第①種情況轉(zhuǎn)換：
a walking stick → a stick for walking
a sleeping car → a car for sleeping
a waiting room → a room for waiting
a swimming pool → a pool for swimming
a washing machine → a machine for washing clothes
a writing desk → a desk for writing
a reading room→ a room for reading
a bathing cap→ a cap for bathing
a changing room→ a room for changing clothes
a sitting room→ a room for sitting
a watering can→ a can for watering flowers
a guessing game→ a game for guessing words
an ironing board→ a board for ironing clothes
a collecting tin→ a tin for collecting money
a hiding place→ a place for hiding
a racing bicycle→ a bicycle for racing
an operating table→ a table for operating
building materials → materials for building
a diving board→ a board for diving
reading materials → materials for reading
a closing speech→ a speech for closing a meeting
working hours→ hours (time) for working
a smoking room→ a room for smoking
a dancing hall → a hall for dancing
a washing machine → a machine for washing clothes
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