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16. Ideas are placed at the beginning or at the end of a sentence receive the greatest emphasis. (p. 141)

【問(wèn)題分析】這句話存在兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，即are placed和 receive，不符合英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)基本要求，按照句子意思，應(yīng)把第一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are placed改為過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)placed，即全句改為：Ideas placed at the beginning or at the end of a sentence receive the greatest emphasis.

17. He avoids the topic and lets the topic floats in space and time, from the past to the present and does not come to the point until at the end of the speech. (p. 130)

【問(wèn)題分析】let后接動(dòng)詞原形，因此lets the topic floats中的floats應(yīng)改為float。

18. As the human race is advancing discovering, creating and inventing, new things and concepts spring up incessantly, urging linguists coin new terms to express them. (p. 167)

【問(wèn)題分析】英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞urge后接帶to動(dòng)詞不定式，不能接動(dòng)詞原形，因此urging linguists coin new terms應(yīng)改為urging linguists to coin new terms。另外，該句還存在標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)使用不當(dāng)問(wèn)題，advancing與discovering之間應(yīng)添加一個(gè)逗號(hào)。即便如此，本句的英文表達(dá)也還需要進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)。

（三）平行結(jié)構(gòu)問(wèn)題

英語(yǔ)的平行結(jié)構(gòu)要求在形式上保持一致。下列句子就存在結(jié)構(gòu)不平行問(wèn)題。

19. The sound patterns of language are of great significance to prosody for they constantly influence an author’s choice of words, as well as influencing the sound composition of the words available to choose from. (p. 63)

【問(wèn)題分析】as well as influencing中的influencing與influence構(gòu)成并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)使用平行結(jié)構(gòu)，即改為as well as influence。事實(shí)上，這里的influence重復(fù)，完全多余，應(yīng)去掉。另外，language前最好加一個(gè)冠詞a。建議全句改為：The sound patterns of a language are of great significance to prosody, for they constantly influence an author’s choice of words as well as the sound composition of the words available to choose from.

20. Therefore, a comparative study in these two fields not only helps to master the word in its true sense but also gain an insight into the cultural background of both languages. (p. 84)

【問(wèn)題分析】not only…but also后應(yīng)接平行結(jié)構(gòu)，但在本句中，not only helps與but also gain顯然是不平行的。建議全句改為：Therefore, a comparative study in these two fields helps not only to master the word in its true sense but also to gain an insight into the cultural background of both languages.

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