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內部講義:常考詞的語法與用法(12) |
作者:TJG 文章來源:本站原創 點擊數 更新時間:2012-06-02 文章錄入:admin 責任編輯:admin |
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◆punish v. 1. 表示“處罰”,注意以下各句所搭配的介詞。如: He was punished for being late. 他因遲到而受到處罰。 He was punished by [with] death. 他被處死。 The police punished the driver with [by] a fine. 警察處以這位以罰金。 2. 不要按漢語表達習慣直譯“懲罰某人做某事”。如: 老師罰他掃地。 誤:The teacher punished him to sweep the floor. 正:The teacher punished him by requiring him to sweep the floor. ◆purpose n. 用作名詞,主要意思為“目的”、“目標”,用法注意: 1. 表示做某事的目的,通常用 the purpose of 的結構。如: What was the purpose of his visit? 他來訪的目的是什么? He came here with [for] the purpose of seeing his family. 他來這里的目的是探親。 注:若 purpose 前用了物主代詞,則通常連用介詞 in。如: What is your purpose in being here? 你在這兒干什么? Her purpose in going to 以下結構也用介詞 in: I have a purpose in making this trip to 2. 表示為了某種目的,通常用 for……purposes(其中的 purpose通常用復數)。如: He keeps a horse for pleasure purposes. 他為消遣而養馬。 He learns Japanese for business purposes. 他學習日語是為做生意。 類似的例子有:for medical purposes(為了醫學的目的),for defence purposes(為了防御之目的),for scientific purposes(為了科學的目的),English for commercial purposes(商業英語)等。 3. 用于 on purpose, 意為“有意地”、“故意地”。如: I came here on purpose to see you. 我是特意來看你的。 She broke the dish on purpose just to show her anger. 她故意打破碟子以表示她的憤怒。 ogress every day. 好好學習,天天向上。 His research made slow progress. 他的研究工作進展緩慢。 We made great progress with our work. 我們在工作上取得了很大的進步。 用于 in progress, 意為“在進行中”、“在舉行”,在句中主要起形容詞作用,多用作表語。如: The harvest is still in progress. 收割仍在進行中。 The building of the bridge is in progress. 橋梁正在建造中。 ◆promise v. & n. 1. 用作動詞,表示“答應”,可帶雙賓語,若雙賓語易位,用介詞 to。如: 我父母答應為我生日買臺電腦。 正:My parents promised me a computer on my birthday. 正:My parents promised a computer to me on my birthday. 2. 在 promise sb to do sth 這一結構中,sb 不是 to do sth 的邏輯主語。如: He has promised me to go. 他已答應我,他去。(不是我去) 比較: He has promised to let me go. 他答應讓我去。(不是他去) He has permitted me to go. 他允許我去。(不是他去) |
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