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內(nèi)部講義:常考詞的語法與用法(12) |
作者:TJG 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點擊數(shù) 更新時間:2012-06-02 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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2. 關(guān)于 supply, 比較以下句型: 我們?yōu)樗峁╁X和衣服。 正:We supply money and clothes to him. (通常用介詞 to) 正:We supply him with money and clothes. (with 通常不省) 注:以上是最普通的表達(dá),最為人們所接受。以下兩類用法,盡管還有人反對,但在現(xiàn)代英語中也漸被接受: 學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供教科書。 正:The school supplied textbooks for the students. 正:The school supplied the students (with) textbooks. 說明:按傳統(tǒng)語法,在 provide (supply) sb with sth 這一句型中,其中的介詞 with 不能省略,即兩者均不能接雙賓語;另外在provide sth for sb 與 supply sth to sb 這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)中要分別用介詞 for 和 to。但是在現(xiàn)代英語中,以上兩條規(guī)則均未被完全遵循—不僅兩者后的介詞 with 有時可省略,而且兩者后用介詞 for和 to 的場合有時也可混用。不過,建議初學(xué)者還是以使用傳統(tǒng)規(guī)范的英語為好。 ◆public n. 1. 用作名詞,表示“公眾”,其前通常要用定冠詞;用作主語,謂語可用單數(shù)(側(cè)重整體)或復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重個體)。如: 請大家不要在草地上行走。 正:The public is requested not to walk on the grass. 正:The public are requested not to walk on the grass. 注:有時句中相關(guān)名詞或名詞的數(shù)也可能暗示謂語的數(shù)。如: 公眾是最好的判斷者。 正:The public is the best judge. 正:The public are the best judges. 2. 用于 in public, 意為“公開地”、“在公眾面前”,起副詞作用,用作狀語。如: I don’t want to be seen in public. 我不想在公眾場合露面。 She is too shy to sing in public. 她太靦腆,不敢在眾人面前唱歌。 ◆punish v. 1. 表示“處罰”,注意以下各句所搭配的介詞。如: He was punished for being late. 他因遲到而受到處罰。 He was punished by [with] death. 他被處死。 The police punished the driver with [by] a fine. 警察處以這位以罰金。 2. 不要按漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣直譯“懲罰某人做某事”。如: 老師罰他掃地。 誤:The teacher punished him to sweep the floor. 正:The teacher punished him by requiring him to sweep the floor. ◆purpose n. 用作名詞,主要意思為“目的”、“目標(biāo)”,用法注意: 1. 表示做某事的目的,通常用 the purpose of 的結(jié)構(gòu)。如: What was the purpose of his visit? 他來訪的目的是什么? He came here with [for] the purpose of seeing his family. 他來這里的目的是探親。 注:若 purpose 前用了物主代詞,則通常連用介詞 in。如: What is your purpose in being here? 你在這兒干什么? Her purpose in going to 以下結(jié)構(gòu)也用介詞 in: (www.hz123456.com) I have a purpose in making this trip to |
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