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內(nèi)部講義:常考詞的語法與用法(12) |
作者:TJG 文章來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 更新時(shí)間:2012-06-02 文章錄入:admin 責(zé)任編輯:admin |
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3. 用作動詞,其后可接不定式,不接動名詞;用作名詞,其后也接不定式,不接“of+動名詞”。如: 他答應(yīng)借錢給我們。 正:He promised to lend us the money. 誤:He promised lending us the money. 正:He made a promise to lend us the money. 誤:He made a promise of lending us the money. 比較以下后接從句的情形(從句通常用將來時(shí)): 正:He promised that he would lend us the money. 正:He made a promise that he would lend us the money. 4. 用作動詞,除表示“答應(yīng)”外,還可表示“有希望”或“有可能”,其后可接名詞或不定式(多為 to be)。如: The clouds promise rain. 陰云預(yù)示有雨。 It promises to be fine tomorrow. 明天有可能是個(gè)晴天。 This year promises a good harvest. 今年有豐收的希望。 ◆protect v. 表示“保衛(wèi)”、“保護(hù)”,通常為及物動詞,表示“保護(hù)……免受……”,通常在其賓語后用介詞 from, against。如: You need warm clothes to protect you from [against] the cold. 你需要穿暖和些以免受涼。 Protect the baby’s eyes from the sun. 保護(hù)孩子的眼睛不要讓太陽照射。 You should protect the children from catching cold. 你應(yīng)該防備孩子們受涼。 A line of forts was built along the border, to protect the country against attack. 在邊界沿線構(gòu)筑了堡壘,以防國家受到攻擊。 注:選用介詞 from 或 against 的大致原則為:用from 多指較小的事,而 against 多指較大的事。 ◆prove v. 1. 用作實(shí)義動詞,比較: 那證明他是誠實(shí)的。 正:That proved him (to be) honest. 正:That proved that he was honest. 2. 用作連系動詞,比較: The report proved (to be) false. 報(bào)告原來是假的。 He has proved (to be) an excellent teacher. 事實(shí)證明他是位優(yōu)秀的教師。 注:用作實(shí)義動詞,其后可接名詞、代詞、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、從句等作賓語,且可用于被動語態(tài);用作連系動詞,其后可接名詞、形容詞、不定式(to be)等作表語,不用于被動語態(tài)。比較: He proved to be a thief. 他原來是個(gè)賊。(連系動詞) He was proved to be a thief. 他被證實(shí)是個(gè)賊。(實(shí)義動詞) ◆provide & supply v. 兩者均可表示“提供”,常可作同義詞使用,兩者在句型搭配方面有很大的相似性,所以放在一起講述。 1. 關(guān)于 provide, 比較以下句型: 羊?yàn)槲覀兲峁┭蛎?/SPAN> 正:Sheep provides wool for us. (通常用介詞 for) 正:Sheep provides us with wool. (with 通常不省) 注:以上是最普通的表達(dá),最為人們所接受。以下兩類用法,盡管還有人反對,但在現(xiàn)代英語中也漸被接受: 村民們?yōu)樗麄兲峁┦澄铩?/SPAN> 正:The villagers provided food to them. 正:The villagers provided them (with) food. |
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