7. 積極發(fā)展多種形式的保障制度，把農(nóng)村特殊老年群體優(yōu)先納入社會(huì)保障范圍。對(duì)無勞動(dòng)能力、無生活來源、無法定贍養(yǎng)人、扶養(yǎng)人，或者其法定贍養(yǎng)人、扶養(yǎng)人確無贍養(yǎng)、扶養(yǎng)能力的農(nóng)村老年人，由國(guó)家實(shí)施在吃、穿、住、醫(yī)、葬方面給予生活照顧和物質(zhì)幫助的“五保”供養(yǎng)制度。

China actively develops social security systems of various forms, and priority is given to a special group of elderly people to be covered in the social security system in rural areas. These are elderly people who have lost the ability to work, who have no source of income, and who have no legal guardians whatsoever to support them, or their legal guardians do not have the ability to support them. They enjoy the state's "five guarantees" system, which means that their food, clothing, housing, medical care and burial expenses are taken care of and subsidized by the government.

問題：從語法角度來說，These are elderly people who have lost the ability to work, who have no source of income, and who have no legal guardians whatsoever to support them, or their legal guardians do not have the ability to support them一句中，or their legal guardians do not have the ability to support them與前面的并列成分不是平行結(jié)構(gòu)。

8. “老有所養(yǎng)、老有所醫(yī)、老有所教、老有所學(xué)、老有所為、老有所樂”是中國(guó)老齡事業(yè)的發(fā)展目標(biāo)。

China's goals for the development of undertakings for the aged can be described as follows: All elderly people are to be provided for and enjoy proper medical care. They are to be given opportunities to pass on their experience as well as to learn new things. They should be given the opportunity to do what they can for the society, while enjoying their later years.

問題：根據(jù)原文，引號(hào)內(nèi)的內(nèi)容都是中國(guó)老齡事業(yè)的發(fā)展目標(biāo)。但由于譯文標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)使用不當(dāng)，讓人誤解為只有一個(gè)目標(biāo)，即All elderly people are to be provided for and enjoy proper medical care. 因此，建議譯文作如下改進(jìn)：China's goals for the development of undertakings for the aged can be described as follows: All elderly people are to be provided for and enjoy proper medical care; they are to be given opportunities to pass on their experience as well as to learn new things; they should be given the opportunity to do what they can for the society, while enjoying their later years.

9. 發(fā)揮土地養(yǎng)老的保障作用，保護(hù)包括廣大老年人在內(nèi)的農(nóng)民土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)。

Giving full play to the role of the land in ensuring elderly people's livelihood and protecting farmers', including the elderly people's, right to operate land contracted to them.

問題：這句話不是用作標(biāo)題，不知譯者為何突然使用現(xiàn)在分詞短語這種片斷句？

10. 300多萬參保農(nóng)民領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金，當(dāng)年支付養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)金21.3億元人民幣。

And more than three million farmers now receive pensions. The total disbursement of old-age insurance payments in 2005 was 2.13 billion yuan.

問題：根據(jù)原文上下文，后一句話應(yīng)該是對(duì)前一句的補(bǔ)充說明，因此這兩句話應(yīng)該使用同一時(shí)態(tài)才符合英語的時(shí)態(tài)一致原則。但不知為何譯文一句使用一般過去時(shí)，另一句卻使用一般過去時(shí)？

11. 2005年底，城市社區(qū)和農(nóng)村老年人協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)展到31.7萬個(gè)，在組織廣大老年人參與基層社區(qū)建設(shè)、社會(huì)公益活動(dòng)和維護(hù)老年人自身權(quán)益等方面發(fā)揮了積極作用。

By the end of 2005, China had 317,000 such associations in both urban and rural areas, playing an active role in organizing large numbers of elderly people to take part in grassroots community construction and public welfare activities, and safeguarding the rights and interests of elderly people.

問題：按照英語語法，譯文中的分詞短語playing 和safeguarding的邏輯主語是China。但根據(jù)原文，其實(shí)施者應(yīng)該是“協(xié)會(huì)”。而且“維護(hù)老年人權(quán)益”和“發(fā)揮作用”并不是并列關(guān)系。因此，應(yīng)將譯文改為By the end of 2005, 317,000 such associations were established in urban and rural communities. They played an active role in involving large numbers of elderly people in grassroots community construction, public welfare activities and the protection of the rights and interests of elderly people.

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